Exploring Istanbul

Istanbul, straddling Europe and Asia, is a city of fascinating contrasts where ancient history meets vibrant modernity. Your guide team has put this guide together with a focus on a two-day exploration of its rich cultural heritage, iconic landmarks, and lively neighbourhoods. Whether you have fewer or more days, we hope the highlights below serve to give you some guidance for exploring this amazing city.

In the context of our Sultans Trail tour, our local guide contact, Mehmet, also adds, “Suleiman the Magnificent greatly influenced Istanbul’s architectural and cultural legacy. Under his reign (1520–1566), the city flourished as the Ottoman Empire’s capital. His most iconic contribution is the Süleymaniye Mosque, an architectural masterpiece designed by Mimar Sinan, which dominates the skyline. Suleiman expanded the city’s infrastructure, commissioning bridges, schools, and hospitals, shaping Istanbul’s grandeur. His reign marked a golden age in arts, literature, and law. Additionally, Istanbul’s strategic importance as a trade and cultural hub was solidified during his rule, making it a centre of the Islamic world and the empire.”

Day 1: Exploring the Historic Sultanahmet District

Begin your day at Hagia Sophia, one of the world’s most significant architectural marvels. Originally built as a cathedral in 537 AD by Emperor Justinian, it later became a mosque and is now a museum and active mosque again. Admire its massive dome, intricate mosaics, and stunning Islamic calligraphy. The combination of Christian and Islamic art makes this site truly unique.

Just across from Hagia Sophia is the Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque), named for its beautiful blue İznik tiles that adorn the interior. This iconic mosque is still in use, so be mindful of prayer times when visiting. Take time to explore the mosque’s elegant courtyard and six minarets, a striking feature of Istanbul’s skyline.

Topkapi Palace After the Blue Mosque, head to Topkapi Palace, once the opulent residence of the Ottoman sultans. Wander through its lavish rooms, such as the Imperial Harem and the Treasury, where you’ll find relics like the Prophet Muhammad’s cloak and sword, as well as the magnificent Topkapi Dagger and the Spoonmaker’s Diamond. The palace’s location also offers stunning views over the Bosphorus Strait and the Golden Horn.

A short walk from Topkapi, visit the Basilica Cistern, an ancient underground water reservoir built by Emperor Justinian. This hauntingly beautiful space features rows of marble columns, many of which are recycled from earlier structures. The dimly lit cistern, with its reflections in the shallow water, creates an otherworldly atmosphere. Don’t miss the two Medusa heads used as column bases.

In the afternoon, explore the vibrant Grand Bazaar, one of the largest and oldest covered markets in the world. With over 4,000 shops, you’ll find everything from carpets and ceramics to jewelry and spices. Even if you’re not shopping, the bazaar’s bustling atmosphere and labyrinthine streets make it a fascinating place to wander.

End your day with a traditional meal in Sultanahmet. Look for a restaurant offering classics like meze (small appetizers), kebabs, and baklava for dessert. Many rooftop restaurants offer stunning views of the Blue Mosque and Hagia Sophia illuminated at night.

Day 2: Bosphorus, Modern Istanbul, and Local Culture

Start your second day with a Bosphorus Cruise. This scenic boat ride along the Bosphorus Strait offers breathtaking views of both the European and Asian sides of the city. You’ll pass by palaces, mansions, and fortresses like Rumeli Hisarı, a medieval fortress built by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror. The cruise is a perfect way to appreciate Istanbul’s unique position as a city divided by two continents.

After the cruise, visit Dolmabahçe Palace on the European shore. Built in the 19th century, this palace served as the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire and later housed Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey. The palace’s interior is incredibly opulent, with its grand Ceremonial Hall, crystal chandeliers, and gold leaf decorations.

Next, head to Taksim Square, the heart of modern Istanbul. From here, take a stroll down Istiklal Avenue, a lively pedestrian street lined with shops, cafes, art galleries, and historic buildings. You can stop by the nostalgic Tünel funicular or ride the iconic red tram as it winds its way through the crowds. Along Istiklal, you’ll find the beautiful St. Anthony of Padua Church and the Pera Museum, which showcases Ottoman and Turkish art.

A short walk from Istiklal brings you to the Galata Tower, one of the city’s most recognizable landmarks. Climb to the top for panoramic views of Istanbul’s skyline, including the Golden Horn and Bosphorus. The 360-degree views from the observation deck are especially stunning at sunset.

For a sensory experience, visit the Spice Bazaar (Egyptian Bazaar), where you’ll be greeted by the aromas of exotic spices, teas, and Turkish delights. It’s a smaller and less crowded alternative to the Grand Bazaar, perfect for picking up some local treats or souvenirs.

End your second day with dinner in the trendy Karaköy neighborhood. Known for its vibrant art scene and stylish cafes, Karaköy offers a variety of dining options, from traditional Turkish cuisine to modern fusion dishes. After dinner, you can explore the nearby Galata Bridge for a final view of the city’s illuminated mosques and skyline.

Additional Tips:

Transport: Use Istanbul’s efficient tram and metro systems to navigate the city. Taxis are also widely available but ensure they use the meter.

Entry Fees: Many of the historic sites charge entrance fees, so consider purchasing the Istanbul Museum Pass if you plan to visit multiple attractions.

In two days, you’ll experience both the ancient and modern sides of Istanbul, taking in its history, culture, and vibrant atmosphere.